How Students Can Combat Substance Use

By AFOLABI E. Simisola

 

 

 

According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), nearly 50% of college students report using alcohol in the past month, and 33% have used marijuana. Additionally, 11% of students reported using prescription drugs non-medically. These figures show a significant prevalence of substance use among university students, which can have serious implications for their academic and personal lives.

   

Substance use among university students is a significant and pressing issue, reflecting both the challenges and pressures of academic life. According to the research from NIDA, it indicates that a substantial number of students engage in the use of alcohol, marijuana, and prescription drugs, often to cope with stress, social pressures, or academic demands. The prevalence of these substances can have profound effects on students' academic performance, mental and physical health, and social relationships.

 

Consumption of various substances includes alcohol, recreational drugs, prescription medications, and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. Each category of substance has its own set of effects and potential risks.

 

Alcohol is one of the most used substances, often consumed socially or in relaxation. It is a depressant that slows down brain function and impairs motor skills and judgment. Common forms of alcohol include beer, wine, and spirits. While moderate consumption may be socially acceptable, excessive use can lead to impaired coordination, decreased inhibitions, and serious long-term health problems such as liver disease and cardiovascular issues.

Recreational drugs are substances used primarily for their psychoactive effects rather than for medical purposes. These include:

· Marijuana (Cannabis) is often used for its relaxing effects, but it alters mood and perception.

· Cocaine is a powerful stimulant that can increase heart rate and euphoria but poses severe risks such as addiction and cardiovascular problems.

· Heroin is an opioid with highly addictive properties that can lead to severe health complications and overdose.

· Ecstasy (MDMA) is known for its mood-enhancing effects, it can cause dehydration and long-term cognitive issues.

· Methamphetamine is a stimulant that can lead to extreme agitation, paranoia, and long-term health damage.

The use of recreational drugs can lead to significant mental and physical health issues, including addiction, mental health disorders, and serious physical health complications.

 

While students face a variety of pressures and challenges, some seek relief through substance use. Reasons why some students indulge in the use of substances include:

1. Stress: University life is inherently stressful, with academic workloads, financial pressures, and personal responsibilities often overwhelming students. To cope with the intense stress, some students turn to substances like alcohol or prescription medications, seeking temporary relief from their anxiety and pressure.

2. Social Pressures: Social dynamics play a crucial role in substance use among students. The desire to fit in with peers, coupled with the prevalence of substances at social events can pressure students into participating. The social environment often makes it challenging to abstain from substance use.

3. Academic Pressures: The rigorous academic environment often makes students use substances as an alternative to managing their workloads. Whether it’s through misuse of stimulants to stay awake, coping with performance anxiety, or managing procrastination, students often turn to substances in the belief that they will enhance their academic performance or help them meet deadlines.

4. Mental Health Struggles: Mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety, are prevalent among university students. Those struggling with these conditions might use substances as a form of self-medication to alleviate emotional distress. Additionally, feelings of isolation or loneliness can lead to substance use to cope with their emotions.

5. Experimentation and Curiosity: Many students see the university as a time of exploration and self-discovery, which sometimes means experimenting with substances. The freedom from parental supervision and the desire to explore new experiences can lead students to try substances out of curiosity or a sense of adventure. This experimentation can sometimes lead to frequent use.

 

The effects of drug abuse include the following:

Cognitive effects: Substance use can significantly affect mental functions. Students may experience difficulties with memory and concentration, which can hinder their academic performance. Drugs and alcohol alter brain function, affecting decision-making and judgment, often leading to risky behaviours that complicate academic and personal life.

Mental health: The relationship between substance use and mental health is complex and concerning. Regular use of substances like alcohol and marijuana is linked to increased symptoms of anxiety and depression. Additionally, dependency on substances can lead to addiction, which requires professional treatment and can severely impact a student's overall mental health.

Physical Health: The immediate physical risks of substance use include impaired coordination and a higher likelihood of accidents and injuries. Long-term use can result in serious health problems, such as liver disease, cardiovascular issues, and respiratory complications. The physical toll of substance abuse shows the importance of addressing the issue early.

Academic Performance: Substance use often leads to a decline in academic performance. Students struggling with substance use may find their grades slipping due to reduced focus and motivation. Frequent absences and lack of engagement in group work are common, contributing to a downward academic trajectory.

Impact on relationships: Substance use can strain friendships and family relationships. Students may find themselves distancing from friends or experiencing conflicts at home due to their behaviour under the influence. The social isolation that often accompanies substance use can further exacerbate these problems.

Behavioural changes: Students using substances may engage in risky behaviours and shift their social circles to those who also use substances. This can create a cycle of behaviour that is difficult to break, leading to further social and personal issues.

 

Tips for preventing substance use include:

Practise time management, build strong support networks with friends and family, and join clubs, groups, or organisations that align with your interests. Being actively involved in campus life helps build a sense of community and provides positive social interactions.

Another way is to stay informed about the risks and effects of substance use. Knowing the potential consequences can strengthen the commitment to avoiding substances.

 

Also, the university provides a range of resources for students struggling with substance use. Jaja Centre offers consultation and help, while organisations like Asido also provide support for assistance. These services are vital for students seeking to address their substance use issues and improve their overall well-being. Students seeking help should start by reaching out to health care services in schools and organisations that prioritise students’ overall well-being.